The SI unit of activity is the bequerel (Bq), defined as one decay per second. R 0 is the activity (rate of decay) at t = 0. In this equation, λ is the decay constant, commonly measured in s –1 (or another appropriate unit of reciprocal time) similar to the rate law constant, k, in kinetics analyses. The mathematical description of this process is shown below. One type of nuclear reaction is called radioactive decay, in which an unstable isotope of an element changes spontaneously and emits radiation.
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